Executing Multiple Transactions

On the SHE blockchain, you can execute multiple messages in a single transaction, which allows for more complex operations to be performed atomically. This section explains how the transaction structure works and how to add multiple messages, even of different types, in one transaction using both CosmJS and shed.

Transaction Structure

A transaction on the SHE blockchain consists of the following main components:

• Body: Contains the list of messages to be executed, memo, timeout height, and extension options.

• Auth Info: Includes signer information and fee details.

• Signatures: Holds the signatures of the signers authorizing the transaction.

Here’s a general structure of a transaction:


{
  "body": {
    "messages": [],
    "memo": "",
    "timeout_height": "0",
    "extension_options": [],
    "non_critical_extension_options": []
  },
  "auth_info": {
    "signer_infos": [],
    "fee": {
      "amount": [
        {
          "denom": "ushe",
          "amount": "100000"
        }
      ],
      "gas_limit": "200000",
      "payer": "",
      "granter": ""
    }
  },
  "signatures": []
}

Adding Multiple Messages

You can add multiple messages of different types in the messages array. Here’s how you can do this using CosmJS and shed.

Using CosmJS


const { DirectSecp256k1HdWallet } = require('@cosmjs/proto-signing');
const { SigningStargateClient, assertIsBroadcastTxSuccess, coins } = require('@cosmjs/stargate');
 
async function sendTransaction() {
  const rpcEndpoint = 'https://rpc-endpoint';
  const mnemonic = 'your mnemonic';
  const wallet = await DirectSecp256k1HdWallet.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, {
    prefix: 'she'
  });
  const [account] = await wallet.getAccounts();
 
  const client = await SigningStargateClient.connectWithSigner(rpcEndpoint, wallet);
 
  const msgSend = {
    typeUrl: '/cosmos.bank.v1beta1.MsgSend',
    value: {
      fromAddress: account.address,
      toAddress: 'she1destinationaddress',
      amount: coins(1000, 'ushe')
    }
  };
 
  const msgDelegate = {
    typeUrl: '/cosmos.staking.v1beta1.MsgDelegate',
    value: {
      delegatorAddress: account.address,
      validatorAddress: 'she1validatoraddress',
      amount: coins(500, 'ushe')
    }
  };
 
  const fee = {
    amount: coins(2000, 'ushe'),
    gas: '200000'
  };
 
  const memo = 'Transaction with multiple messages';
 
  const result = await client.signAndBroadcast(account.address, [msgSend, msgDelegate], fee, memo);
  assertIsBroadcastTxSuccess(result);
  console.log(result);
}
 
sendTransaction().catch(console.error);

Using shed

To create and broadcast a transaction with multiple messages using shed, follow these steps:

Define the Unsigned Transaction:

Create an unsigned-tx.json file with multiple messages:


{
  "body": {
    "messages": [
      {
        "@type": "/cosmos.bank.v1beta1.MsgSend",
        "from_address": "she1sourceaddress",
        "to_address": "she1destinationaddress",
        "amount": [
          {
            "denom": "ushe",
            "amount": "1000"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "@type": "/cosmos.staking.v1beta1.MsgDelegate",
        "delegator_address": "she1sourceaddress",
        "validator_address": "she1validatoraddress",
        "amount": {
          "denom": "ushe",
          "amount": "500"
        }
      }
    ],
    "memo": "Transaction with multiple messages",
    "timeout_height": "0",
    "extension_options": [],
    "non_critical_extension_options": []
  },
  "auth_info": {
    "signer_infos": [],
    "fee": {
      "amount": [
        {
          "denom": "ushe",
          "amount": "2000"
        }
      ],
      "gas_limit": "200000",
      "payer": "",
      "granter": ""
    }
  },
  "signatures": []
}

Sign the Transaction:


shed tx sign unsigned-tx.json --from <your_account> --output-document=signed-tx.json --node <YOUR_RPC_URL>

Broadcast the Signed Transaction:


shed tx broadcast signed-tx.json --node <YOUR_RPC_URL>